Traces of Penang's Role in the Age to Revolution
By William Tham
July 2021 FEATURE
References
- Yong, Check Yoon. 2010. The 1867 Penang riots. Penang Monthly. August 2010.
- Raskin, Jonah. 2009 [1971]. The Mythology of Imperialism: A Revolutionary Critique of British Literature and Society in the Modern Age. New York: Monthly Review Press, p. 45
- It later formed the nucleus of the Chinese Republican Party, the Kuomintang.
- Soon, Simon. 2019-2020. Koli Kallen: A Country for Grave Diggers and Fowl Thieves. GoogleMymaps
- Muhammad Haji Salleh, ed. 1994. Syair Tantangan Singapura Abad Kesembilan Belas. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
- Pramoedya, Ananta Toer. 1997 [1988]. House of Glass. Translated by Max Lane. London: Penguin, p.2.
- Wang, Gungwu. 1992. Community and Nation: China, Southeast Asia and Australia. St Leonard's, Australia: Allen & Unwin, p. 7;28.
- Wang, Gungwu. 1992. Community and Nation: China, Southeast Asia and Australia. St Leonard's, Australia: Allen & Unwin, p. 7;28.
- Anderson, Benedict. 2016 [1983]. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
- Santhiram Raman. 2021. From Decolonization to Ethno-Nationalism: A Study of Malaysia’s School History Syllabus, 1905-2020. Petaling Jaya: SIRD.
- Anderson, Benedict. 2005. The Age of Globalization: Anarchists and the Anticolonial Imagination. London: Verso
- Guillermo, Ramon. 2020. “Andres Bonifacio: Proletarian hero of the Philippines and Indonesia.” In Revisiting Malaya: Uncovering Historical and Political Thought in Nusantara, edited by Show Ying Xin and Ngoi Guat Peng. Petaling Jaya: SIRD.
- Suchetana Chattopadhyay. 2016. “Being ‘Naren Bhattacharji’”. In Vijay Prashad (ed,), Communist Histories, Volume 1. New Delhi: LeftWord Books, pp.64-5.
- Yong, Ching Fatt. 1997. The Origins of Malayan Communism. Singapore: South Seas Society, p. 29-31. Although they eventually failed to gain deeper traction, the anarchists laid the groundwork for leftist traditions in Malaya.
William Tham
has been published in NANG, PR&TA, The Best of World SF: Volume 2, and the Southeast Asian Review of English. He co-edited The Second Link: An Anthology of Malaysian and Singaporean Writing.